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Architects
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Location
Manaus, Brazil -
Category
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Project Author
Laurent Troost -
Area
366.0 m2 -
Project Year
2017 -
Photographs
Text description provided by the architects. The Amazon, more than any other area on the planet, requires climate-appropriate architectural strategies. The natural and environmental conditions are extreme and the proximity of the equatorial zone requires an architecture oriented towards thermal comfort and "passive" sustainability, that is, adequate deployment, creation of protective eaves, dimensioning and orientation of the openings for cross-ventilation, as well as the preservation of local ecological systems. The preservation/valorization of Campinarana - Amazon forest type characterized by small trees, whose soil is shallow and clayey - was the starting point for the concept of the project.
To minimize deforestation and preserve as much as possible of the Forest, the main architectural strategy for construction in the 20 x 40 m plot was the reversal of the classic housing typology. The rooms are located on the ground floor and the internal living environments, the outside seating, and the swimming pool are located on the upper deck. To optimize exposure to climatic factors, the house was divided into 2 volumes. The longilineous one houses functions allowing sun exposure (access, garage, storage, pool, laundry) and the transversal one functions in need of sun protection (living room, dining room, kitchen, and bedrooms).
The main transversal volume received a contemporary reinterpretation of the colonial roofs, with 8 pitches in 2 independent levels, allowing the fruition of the winds and the creation of an air mattress in the in-between space, protecting the thermal comfort of the living space of the upper floor of the house. The reduced width of the main volume is designed to guarantee cross ventilation in all environments. This passive energy strategy adapted to the climate allows a very low energy consumption. On the East and Westside, the roof consists of lateral vertical planes that protect the inhabited spaces from the first and last rays of the equatorial sun.
There was also the concern to create an independent roof of the house, with the construction of eaves of two meters to the North and to the South, supported only by eight supports in "V". The roof, therefore, can dilate in the function of the thermal variation and insolation throughout the year, without compromising the structure of the house. The choice of Corten as roof material was due to its low maintenance and evolutionary character in harmony with the Forest of Campina and its reddish clay soil so present in the landscapes of the Amazon. In addition to the guaranteed cross ventilation with its sliding windows on both sides and the glass fins on the third side, the fully glazed living room allows complete integration with the covered terrace, solarium, pool, and nature.
