In 1972, Caetano Veloso announced in the song Triste Bahia that “the steamboat from Cachoeira no longer sails on the sea.” Indeed, ours is a generation unfamiliar with Salvador's nautical capacity, since most of us have not had the opportunity to experience the daily rhythm of a port city. A brief look at the records of photographers such as Marcel Gautherot, Pierre Verger, and Lázaro Roberto, from the 1950s to the 1970s, reveals that the daily dynamics along the waterfront were vastly different from those of today.

Rooftop farms and urban gardens are popular options for providing food in cities while mitigating heat islands, increasing building thermal insulation, and improving air quality. However, these plants often end up smaller and less healthy, as they suffer from higher solar radiation, wind exposure, and low soil moisture.

Brazil is currently the sixth country in the world most affected by climate disasters, according to the United Nations. The primary issues are waterlogging and flooding, as they bring windstorms, landslides, and flash floods. One in three disasters in Brazil falls into this category — with more than 10,000 official occurrences recorded between 1991 and 2010.

After at least five years of study, the time comes for Architecture and Urbanism students to present their final graduation projects—often referred to as TCC, TFG, or final thesis projects. In choosing their topics, students highlight civil, urban, or theoretical projects of great importance, sparking crucial debates about the future of our cities, the built environment, urban infrastructure, mobility, and many other essential topics shaping how we inhabit space.

In November 2022, Augusta Park celebrated its first anniversary of reopening to the public. The park reached maximum capacity on its opening day and, today, has welcomed over 1.5 million visitors. The site went through a long journey before reaching consolidation. The nearly 50-year struggle for the park deserves to be highlighted, and public participation in its creation must be recorded and shared so it can inspire new campaigns for public spaces across the city.

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Much has been said about the power of artificial intelligence and how its rise could transform the architectural profession. This topic has already been explored in previous articles here.

The primary tool causing concern among industry experts is DALL-E, a machine learning-based software that generates images from text prompts entered by the user. Other platforms offer similar capabilities, such as Midjourney and Stable Diffusion.

Videos

As part of their latest release, architect and visual artist Erik López (IMGN) and electronic music producer and composer Edgar Mondragón have unveiled their new piece "Santuario," which is described as "a remote experience that connects with the existence of a physical space that cannot be visited." This audiovisual piece consists of a 3D model of the Museo Universitario Arte Contemporáneo (MUAC), designed by Mexican architect Teodoro González de León for the Centro Cultural Universitario.

On November 10, Diez Company launched the fourth edition of Maison Diez Company to Mexican and international audiences. This space, dedicated to lighting design, brings together designers, creatives, architects, interior designers, business partners, lighting experts, and representatives of international brands to celebrate light.

Today, November 10, the National Academy of Architecture, through a statement issued by Arch. José F. Reygadas Valdéz (President) and Arch. Antonio Gallardo E. (Secretary General), announced the passing of Mexican architect Agustín Hernández Navarro, an Emeritus Academic of the institution.

The urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transportation sector presents both a challenge and an opportunity for local governments. This is particularly true for Zero Emission Areas (ZEAs)—urban zones where pollutant emissions are neutralized. This measure primarily benefits citizens, who enjoy healthier urban spaces and more vibrant commercial activity. However, ensuring success—or at least mitigating public backlash—requires deep social engagement and effective communication with the population.

The city of Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, hosts the 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP27, from November 6 to 18. The conference builds on the negotiations of COP26 in Glasgow, Scotland, in 2021, with the expectation that countries will demonstrate climate ambition and urgency to limit the rise in global temperature to 1.5°C.

Various studies have indicated that, to prevent temperatures from rising more than 1.5°C, there must be a major drop in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To achieve this, it is necessary to develop compact cities designed for pedestrians, cyclists, and transit users, as well as rapidly and strategically adopting electric vehicles, with a focus on public transportation.

On November 21, we celebrate World Television Day, a communication tool that has transformed social relations since its invention in the late 19th century and its industrial widespread adoption beginning in the 1920s. Since then, television programs—inheriting theatrical genres—emerged, evolved, and multiplied, taking center stage in daily life and sparking widespread curiosity about how they work. Among their various aspects, we explore the set designs and present the logic behind television environments. 

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To explain the passage of time, the ancient Greeks relied on two gods: Chronos and Kairos. While the former is represented as ruthless, like a clock that never stops, Kairos evoked the opportune moment for action. In other words, while Chronos is quantitative, Kairos has a qualitative and permanent nature. Indeed, humanity's relationship with the passage of time is not always an easy one. 

Buildings are no different. In his seminal work The Seven Lamps of Architecture (1849), John Ruskin argued that only ruined buildings could preserve our past perceptions and, at the same time, allow us to confront our own mortality. In this sense, the marks of time and rubble were crucial witnesses to architectural aging, which, in his view, achieved an aesthetic somewhere between the sublime and the picturesque. Although this is a somewhat controversial perspective, the idea of considering how a building will endure over time has been gaining traction. It is well known that some materials age better than others: while a plastered white wall quickly shows cracks and stains, a stone wall seems to improve with age, blending into its surroundings, for example. Time brings new nuances, tells the story of what has passed, and lends authenticity to surfaces.

Cities have never been more engaged in climate action. At the 2021 UN Climate Change Conference (COP26), more than 1,100 cities representing a quarter of global CO2 emissions joined the Cities Race to Zero initiative. By doing so, these municipalities committed to ambitious, inclusive, and equitable actions to keep global temperature rise below 1.5°C. In November of this year, at COP27, these cities presented their progress and shared how they plan to deliver on their commitments.

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There is no doubt that the construction of the Barcelona Pavilion by Mies van der Rohe was designed to reaffirm the Modern Movement. This "icon" of the movement, deeply embedded in the architectural imagination, was built to be ephemeral. At the end of the International Exposition, the pavilion was dismantled; however, it was reconstructed 54 years later, sparking a debate within the architectural field regarding the authenticity of this replica.

On Wednesday, November 3, work began on the redevelopment plan for Plaza Baquedano and its surroundings in Santiago de Chile. It is worth noting that Plaza Baquedano—traditionally known as Plaza Italia and recently referred to as Plaza de la Dignidad—is the convergence point for both celebrations and protests. These events have often been marked by social unrest and, particularly following the events of October 18, 2019, have left their mark on the public space. What does the future hold for this site of immense social and political significance?

In the early 19th century, in a Paris on the verge of having its medieval fabric torn open by Haussmann's grand boulevards, novelist George Sand dressed as a man to walk the streets. According to her journals, "in trousers and boots I could fly from one end of the city to the other, regardless of the weather, the hour, or the place." No one paid her any attention, no one guessed her disguise, and no one stared or criticized; she was just another "atom lost in that immense crowd." Thanks to her male attire, Sand experienced fearless incursions and solitary wanderings like a true flâneur—experiences that would later become fundamental to crafting her successful narratives.

Among the various problems stemming from the excessive use of cars in large and medium-sized cities, traffic congestion and time lost in transit are undoubtedly those that receive the most attention from the media and society.

Drivers tend to overlook other issues, however severe, such as traffic fatalities and tragedies, air pollution, the stressful noise generated by motorized vehicles, urban sprawl—which makes cities dysfunctional, expensive, and far-flung—or the hydrological problems caused by the excess of asphalt and concrete dedicated to cars. Generally, these issues are ignored or seen as inevitable, whereas gridlock is highly visible, instantly perceived as a nuisance demanding immediate solutions.

Systems change. Transformation. Deep transition. These terms are used so frequently that they risk becoming buzzwords, obscuring their actual meaning.

Yet, to curb rising global temperatures, conserve nature, and build a fairer economy that benefits everyone, we indeed need deep change across all aspects of our economies—at a pace and scale never seen before.

The illustration above is a famous image by the artist Imperial Boy (帝国少年), who works in the anime industry. I sometimes claim that the entire *solarpunk* genre was inspired by this image. That is an exaggeration, of course—some people have thought very seriously about *solarpunk* design principles—but the influence and appeal of Imperial Boy's design are undeniable. Moreover, other *solarpunk* art, though often lovely, tends not to immediately resemble the kind of cities you would actually want to build; it is either an image of a high-tech farm, or some variation of "slap a tree on the side of every building."

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Mired in a housing crisis for about a decade, New Zealand has modified its zoning laws to allow more medium-density housing to be built in the nation's largest municipalities.

The initiative comes in response to a shortage of housing units, soaring property values and rents, and is aimed at narrowing the widening “chasm” between household incomes and housing costs, as detailed in a report by The Guardian.

Hostile architecture's days may be numbered in Brazil. The Chamber of Deputies has approved a bill that prohibits public authorities from using any material, equipment, or construction technique that deters people or restricts access to public spaces. Bill PL 488/21, named the Padre Júlio Lancelotti Law, now goes to President Jair Bolsonaro for approval.

In cinematic works, the architecture chosen and designed to compose the frame can communicate with the viewer in many ways. Buildings and cities can establish the setting through well-known monuments or specific building types adapted to certain climates, as well as indicate the historical period through tectonic aesthetics. Fantasy works offer an endless creative field for architectural composition and interior design.

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