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From Handcrafted Stone to 3D Printing: The Technological and Material Evolution of Gaudí's Sagrada Familia

A masterpiece is often defined as the most remarkable work in an artist's career, one which highlights the height of their techniques and ideals. The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci; Michelangelo's Pietá; the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album. There are many examples, which are not always unanimously agreed upon. But what if what many consider to be the masterpiece was started by someone else, the credited creator didn't live to see its completion, and almost all of its documentation was destroyed? Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí and his world-famous Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família are examples of these complications. From a highly crafted stone construction to the most modern 3D printing techniques and high strength concrete, numerous technologies were and continue to be incorporated in the project's construction.

Sagrada Família to Pay Off $41 Million Debt to Barcelona for Building Permits

The trustees of Barcelona's historic Sagrada Família have reached an agreement with the city council to pay off $41 million in debt for not having the appropriate building permits. As the New York Times reports, the saga has continued for more than a century, as an original building permit issued in 1885 by Sant Martí de Provençals was no longer valid when the town was absorbed into the city of Barcelona. Designed by Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí in 1882, the Sagrada Família is still under construction 136 years later.

Sagrada Família to Pay Off $41 Million Debt to Barcelona for Building Permits - Image 1 of 4Sagrada Família to Pay Off $41 Million Debt to Barcelona for Building Permits - Image 2 of 4Sagrada Família to Pay Off $41 Million Debt to Barcelona for Building Permits - Image 3 of 4Sagrada Família to Pay Off $41 Million Debt to Barcelona for Building Permits - Image 4 of 4Sagrada Família to Pay Off $41 Million Debt to Barcelona for Building Permits - More Images+ 2

AD Classics: La Sagrada Familia / Antoni Gaudí

Construction of the Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família began in 1882, more than a century ago. The temple is still under construction, with completion expected in 2026. It is perhaps the best known structure of Catalan Modernisme, drawing over three million visitors annually. Architect Antoni Gaudi worked on the project until his death in 1926, in full anticipation he would not live to see it finished.

AD Classics: La Sagrada Familia / Antoni Gaudí - Arcade, Arch, Column, LightingAD Classics: La Sagrada Familia / Antoni Gaudí - Image 2 of 5AD Classics: La Sagrada Familia / Antoni Gaudí - Column, Arcade, Arch, FacadeAD Classics: La Sagrada Familia / Antoni Gaudí - Facade, LightingAD Classics: La Sagrada Familia / Antoni Gaudí - More Images+ 33