Repurposing an existing structure, either by assigning it a new use or simply improving its condition, is a smart strategy in our current environmental context of rapid resource consumption. While finding ways to rehabilitate a building is a core task of architecture, the mission becomes far more complex when the pre-existing structure is imbued with deep cultural and historical value. Indeed, intervening in—and altering—architectural heritage means redesigning the past and prescribing a future, which may or may not introduce new ways of using the space.

To promote greater physical distancing and encourage alternative modes of transportation—both for essential workers commuting during the novel coronavirus pandemic and for residents allowed to exercise outdoors—cities around the world are revising transportation policies and repurposing vehicle lanes for cyclists and pedestrians.

In celebration of Brasília's 60th anniversary, filmmaker Pedro Rodolpho has made his documentary O Corpo e a Cidade Modernista available to the public for free. The film was screened at several of Europe's most prestigious film festivals in 2018, the year of its release.

In this week's Seminar on Culture and Contemporary Reality, hosted by the Escola da Cidade, Guilherme Wisnik talks with essayist, author, and host Francisco Bosco. Drawing from the essay "Communovirus" by philosopher Jean-Luc Nancy, they discuss how the pandemic will impact the future of Brazil across its political, social, cultural, and economic dimensions.

Cities are catalysts for encounters and opportunities, drawing in people in search of greater scale and diversity. Now, with social gatherings restricted, what becomes glaringly obvious is our interdependence and the importance of the spaces that sustain exchange and coexistence. Let me explain this through something simple, yet no less significant for this moment: most public spaces in Brazil—squares, parks, sidewalks—when they exist at all, are barren. In other words, they lack the infrastructure to support people lingering.

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Currently, more than half of the world's population lives in cities, a figure expected to rise to nearly 70% by 2050. According to data from the United Nations (2017), the majority of this construction will be concentrated in cities across Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

As such, cities play a central role in climate change, as they are both the primary sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activity and the places where many of the impacts will be felt.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a rapid increase in hospitalizations for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Brazil, and is expected to severely strain the capacity of the Unified Health System (SUS). Major cities already have confirmed cases among socially vulnerable populations. In this context, it is crucial for healthcare planning to identify where socially vulnerable groups with limited access to the SUS live, and which healthcare facilities are likely to face the most severe bottlenecks in meeting the demand for hospitalizing critically ill patients.

While the first edition's theme was SHARE, and the second was CIRCULATE, the 3rd Tomie Ohtake Institute Leroy Merlin Design Award proposes REVIEW as its core concept—an opportunity to look at our social and environmental context, critically analyze it, and ask: how can a project contribute based on what is already in place? 

Current Brazilian politics is an anti-politics aimed at the annihilation of institutions, such as the notions of the public and the state. Guilherme Wisnik talks with Fernando Haddad about prospects for imagining ways out of this abyss.

One way to separate spaces is by using lightweight partitions, which can be either fixed or mobile. Besides defining boundaries between rooms, these partitions are much thinner than traditional masonry or even drywall walls, allowing for better use of space and greater flexibility in layout configurations.

As architects, we set out to reflect on domestic spaces, which have taken center stage during the quarantine we are all currently experiencing. Drawing from our own experiences, our reflections aim to shed light on feasible improvements to the well-being of at least some of the metropolis’s residents, joining many other initiatives currently rethinking the city and housing.

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Architect Carlos Alberto Maciel is the fifth guest on Studio Casa, an interview series produced by Casa da Arquitectura - Portuguese Center for Architecture. With a master's degree and a PhD in Design Theory and Practice from the School of Architecture at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, where he teaches design, Maciel is a founding partner of Arquitetos Associados, a collaborative studio based in Belo Horizonte.

The postgraduate program at Escola da Cidade — Geography, City, and Architecture — hosted architects Jean Pierre Crousse and Sandra Barclay for a series of lectures. During their visit, we interviewed the partners of Barclay & Crousse Architecture, winners of awards such as ArchDaily in Spanish's Building of the Year (2019), the XVIII Peruvian Architecture Biennial (2018), and the Oscar Niemeyer Prize (2016), among others.

In 2017, the city of Salvador, Bahia, established its Urban Afforestation Master Plan and, as part of this initiative, released a comprehensive guide for anyone wishing to plant in urban spaces.

Which species are most suitable and how to plant trees on sidewalks are some of the questions answered in the document. Although titled the “Salvador Technical Urban Afforestation Manual”, the guide can be used by residents of any city, especially those living in the Atlantic Forest biome.

Only in a dystopian world could we imagine that our children would not be allowed to play freely in the street with their friends. Before the pandemic, we were fighting to ensure children spent more time outdoors, in contact with nature, and reclaiming public spaces. Most of our children live in urban environments, and in Brazil, due to a sense of insecurity, playing in the street is not considered an option for many families.

It is impossible to discuss Amazonian architecture without mentioning Severiano Porto. The Minas Gerais-born architect was key in shedding light on the potential of that climate and context when integrated into design practice. Yet Amazonian architecture is not defined by Porto alone; indeed, many contemporary examples deserve attention for their careful selection of materials, ingenious application of vernacular techniques, or the sophistication achieved with limited resources.

Circular economy principles have also been increasingly applied to the architecture and construction sector. However, technical and even cultural barriers still persist during the building design process. To address this challenge, several tools can be used to streamline the workflow, enable faster and more accurate assessments, and analyze how different design strategies can yield environmental, economic, and social gains. 

Guilherme Wisnik talks with Ester Carro, a community leader from Jardim Colombo in Paraisópolis, about forms of organization in vulnerable territories in times of epidemic, as well as the importance of community-led social initiatives.

One of the main objectives of this website is to disseminate ideas that enable cities to have more affordable housing. There are several indicators that can be useful in observing and analyzing a city's housing market, such as the price-to-income ratio, which we covered in a previous article. While no single indicator is perfect, they can provide guidance regarding the scale or direction of a given real estate market.

In a home, the bathroom is undoubtedly the most intimate and private space. Or at least, it used to be. Synonymous with relaxation, this room is increasingly being explored by architects, gaining significant prominence and design importance. While once limited to a sink, toilet, and shower, it has now given way to veritable bathing sanctuaries, redefining its use and becoming an experiential space. With this in mind, the concept of closed "boxes" with minimal openings is giving way to new possibilities—and, above all, to the outdoors, as the integration with nature is achieved through generous openings that incorporate the surrounding landscape.

Escola da Cidade, through its postgraduate program Geography, City, and Architecture, hosted Peruvian architect Juan Carlos Doblado for a series of lectures. The architect presented his architectural work, some of the key influences on his career, and contemporary Peruvian architecture, while also exploring themes related to teaching in the architecture department at the Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), where he is a professor. Students Alline Lais Nunes, Carolina Lyra, and Adelí Palacios, invited by the Scientific Council of Escola da Cidade (EC), interviewed him on several of the topics covered during the lectures.

We inhabit a world scarred by history and mistreated by us—a humanity that insists on detaching itself from and subjugating the nature to which it belongs. In the fast-paced rhythm of global capitalism, we have actually forgotten ourselves, forgetting that we possess our own gaze, which ultimately leads to forgetting the world itself.

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These architectural elements are used for different reasons almost everywhere, because they have a visual permeability that promotes the much desired dialogue between interior and exterior, which most architects seek, while being able to maintain the privacy of the users of a building. However, in tropical climates, they gain even greater importance as they allow constant natural ventilation, shade areas with large amounts of sunshine, and provide natural lighting and thermal comfort. 

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Earth is a material that has been used for building since time immemorial. Its low environmental impact and the variety of techniques available for working with it have enabled its enduring relevance in architectural projects worldwide. Whether using rammed earth, wattle and daub, earthen wall systems, or adobe structures, various contemporary projects rework and reinterpret these traditional methods to shape their spaces.